Tag: asset-allocation

What’s the deal with AOA?

RobH6 Comments

***Updated numbers February 2026***

As mentioned elsewhere, I rely heavily on all-in-one ETFs in my retirement portfolio. New to all-in-ones? Read a bit about them here.

Previously ,I covered what’s in XGRO, which is an all-in-one you can purchase on the Canadian market. Because I also happen to have a lot of US dollar-based retirement savings, I have the majority of those funds invested in AOA. AOA is an 80/20 fund 1 offered by BlackRock. It seems that this sort of all-in-one is not as popular in the US as Canada, not sure why2. I see offerings from State Street that sound similar. BlackRock has other members of their asset allocation family with different equity percentages — there’s something for everyone!3

I thought it would be interesting to see what, exactly, is underneath every $100 you invest in AOA. So by reading AOA’s ETF description, following the ETF descriptions of what’s inside AOA, and doing a little math, I came up with the following breakdown4:

FundWhat is it?How much?Colour Commentary
IVV US stock coverage that tracks the S&P 500 Index, 500 of the largest US companies $44.53 of your $100 investment

(of which ~3.50$ is in Nvidia, ~$3 in Apple, and ~$2 in Microsoft, with ~$1 in Amazon, Alphabet, Meta, Broadcom and Tesla)		The Magnificent 7 and 493 other companies
IDEVBroad international (ex-US) developed market stock coverage that tracks the MSCI WORLD ex USA IMI Index, about 2250 companies $23.02 of your $100 investment

(of which ASML gets 42 cents, Roche gets 26 cents…)		This also includes a tiny slice of Canada…top holding is RBC at 18 cents of your $100
IUSBBroad US Bond market exposure, about 16,000 bonds from government and corporate entities$16.36 of your $100 investment

(of which $6.45 is in US Treasury, $1.44 is in the Federal National Mortgage Association…)		12 month trailing yield is 4.18%, not too shabby
IEMG3500 or so international companies from emerging markets, following the MSCI Emerging Markets Investable Market Index $9.29 of your $100 investment

(of which $1.06 is in Taiwan Semi, 42 cents is in Samsung..)		23% China, 22% Taiwan, 16% South Korea, 14% India, …
IAGGAbout 5800 international bonds tracking the Bloomberg Global Aggregate ex USD 10% Issuer Capped (Hedged) Index5$2.83 of your $100 investment

(of which 30 cents is Japanese T-Bills)		Trailing 12 month yield = 3.27%, has lost a full point in the last year
IJHUS Midmarket stocks that track the S&P MidCap 400 Index$2.59 of your $100 investment (of which 2 cents is in Lumentum, who I’ve never heard of)25% Industrials, 15% Financials…
IJRUS Small Cap stocks that track the S&P SmallCap 600 Index $1.22 of your $100 investment
(largest holding is Solstice Advanced Materials)		IJH+IJR+IVV is sort of similar to ITOT
Main components of AOA as of February 2025

Like XGRO, investing in an all-in-one like AOA provides you with exposure to a bunch of different asset types across many different geographies in one product, including all of the “hot” stocks you read about ad nauseam. Diversification under one banner.

The big difference from XGRO is the very tiny representation of Canada overall. I worked it out to about 2.5% of the overall number, which makes sense given the size of Canada on a global scale.

I came across the “Three Fund Portfolio” popularized by Bogleheads over 15 years ago. AOA and its family members is more or less that concept.

  1. Shorthand for “80% equity, 20% bonds”. There remains a lot of disagreement about the appropriate asset allocation, e.g. https://www.bogleheads.org/forum/viewtopic.php?t=210178 ↩︎
  2. Instead, I see a lot of “target date” retirement ETFs, which are in some ways similar, but lower the equity percentages as you get closer to the target date. ↩︎
  3. There’s also AOR (60% equity), AOM (40% Equity) and AOK (30% Equity) ↩︎
  4. Compare with the XGRO breakdown at https://moneyengineer.ca/2025/01/30/whats-the-deal-with-xgro/ ↩︎
  5. That’s a mouthful. ↩︎

What’s the deal with XGRO?

RobH13 Comments

***Numbers updated November 30, 2025****

As mentioned elsewhere, I rely heavily on all-in-one ETFs in my retirement portolio. New to all-in-ones? Read a bit about them here. While it may seem unwise to have (seemingly) so little diversification, when you buy an all-in-one like XGRO, you are actually getting a piece of THOUSANDS of different assets.

The main all-in-one Canadian ETF that I hold is an 80/20 fund1 called XGRO. There’s nothing special about XGRO other than it being free to trade on the platform I use — there are other 80/20 funds out there (e.g. ZGRO, HGRW). There’s also other all-in-ones with different equity percentages; there’s something for everyone!2

I thought it would be interesting to see what, exactly, is underneath every $100 you invest in XGRO. So by reading XGRO’s ETF description, following the ETF descriptions of what’s inside XGRO, and doing a little math, I came up with the following breakdown:

FundWhat is it?How much?Colour Commentary
ITOTBroad US stock coverage that tracks the S&P Total Market Index, about 2508 companies (top holdings: Alphabet, Apple, Nvidia, Microsoft, Amazon, Broadcom)$36.42 of your $100 investment

(of which ~2$ is in each of Alphabet, Apple, Nvidia, and Microsoft, and another $1 is in each of Amazon and Broadcom)		The Magnificent 7 and 2501 other companies
XICBroad Canadian stock coverage that tracks the S&P/TSX Capped Composite Index, about 223 companies (top holdings: RBC, Shopify, TD, Enbridge, Brookfield)$20.68 of your $100 investment

(of which RBC gets $1.40, Shopify gets $1.26, TD gets 93 cents)		You want banks? We got banks!
XEFBroad international (Europe, Asia, Australia) stock coverage that tracks the MSCI EAFE Investable Market Index, about 2500 holdings$19.49 of your $100 investment
(of which 24 cents goes to AstraZeneca, 34 cents goes to ASML…)		One of these years, MSCI EAFE is going to have another year like 2017…
XBB1400 or so investment-grade Canadian bonds that comprise the FTSE Canada Universe Bond Index$12.26 of your $100 investment (of which $3.89 is in federal bonds, $1.50 is in Ontario bonds, 91 cents is in Canada Housing Trust #, 85 cents is in Quebec bondsBonds got a lot of hate in 2023/4, but staying the course has been nice of late
XEC3000+ emerging market stocks that track the MSCI Emerging Markets Investable Market Index$4.18 of your $100 investment (of which 41 cents is in Taiwan Semi, 18 cents is in Tencent3…)“But honey, buying a case of power banks from Alibaba is helping our retirement portfolio”
XSHAbout 540 short term Canadian Corporate Bonds that track the FTSE Canada Universe + Maple Short Term Corporate Bond Index$2.96 of your $100 investment (of which 24 cents is in Royal Bank debt, 23 cents is in TD debt, 18 cents is in BMO debt)You want bank debt? We got bank debt!
USIGOver 10000 (!) US corporate bonds$1.95 of your $100 investment (of which 4 cents is JP Morgan debt, 3 cents is BoA debt)No idea how they track 10,000 bonds, but look at the yield4!
GOVTExposure to 191 US T-Bills$1.94 of your $100 investmentThey say “No pain, no gain”. I guess there’s only minuscule pain in T-Bills5.

If you were so inclined to run the numbers yourself, I’m pretty sure you’d get something similar to my numbers. It does change daily, mind you. And the percentages are routinely rebalanced, of course.

The big takeaway is that investing in an all-in-one like XGRO provides you with exposure to a bunch of different asset types across many different geographies in one product, including all of the “hot” stocks you read about ad nauseam. No FOMO here!

  1. A spirited discussion on the wisdom of 80/20 over here: https://www.bogleheads.org/forum/viewtopic.php?t=210178 ↩︎
  2. More equity=more risk=higher returns. No free lunch. ↩︎
  3. I desperately wanted the math to work out to “10 cents in Tencent”, but alas ↩︎
  4. https://stockanalysis.com/etf/usig/dividend/ ↩︎
  5. No gain. I feel much pain: https://www.google.com/finance/quote/GOVT:BATS?sa=X&window=MAX ↩︎

Why you can fire your advisor: Asset allocation ETFs

RobH28 Comments

Summary: Asset allocation ETFs1 let you buy exactly ONE fund to meet your investing needs. Buy ONE fund, and forget about it. Really? Really.

In the run-up to getting ready for retirement, I greatly simplified my portfolio. On the Canadian dollar side, it’s almost all invested in two places: XGRO and DYN6004 (a Canadian high-interest savings account). On the US dollar side, it’s almost all invested in two equivalent places: AOA and DYN6005 (a US high-interest savings account). XGRO is an example of an Asset Allocation ETF that trades in Canadian dollars, whereas AOA is an example of an Asset Allocation ETF that trades in US dollars. The overarching objective of my retirement portfolio is to keep allocations at 5% Cash and the rest in XGRO or AOA. Effectively, this puts me at about 80% stocks.

What’s an Asset Allocation ETF?

Very simply, they are a kind of ETF that allow you to make one investment decision based on your desired risk profile. Risk is a personal decision, based on factors like timeline before needing the money, how much you agonize over stock market fluctuations and so forth.

More risk means better long-term growth prospects means more stocks.

Looking for higher long term growth? Choose an asset-allocation ETF that has a higher percentage of stocks. Looking for lower long term growth with less volatility? Choose an asset-allocation ETF that has a lower percentage of stocks.

There are many Canadian providers out there who provide their own families of asset allocation ETFs.

Which provider you choose may boil down to which is the most convenient / least expensive to buy and sell. For example, BMO Investorline clients can buy and sell the BMO family with no charges, while QTrade clients can trade the iShares family with no charges.

I personally don’t think that there is much to differentiate each of the families. Each provider is just trying to capture your business. So whether you buy ZEQT or XEQT or HEQT or VEQT 2 probably doesn’t matter very much in the big picture.

I summarized them below:

ProviderETF SymbolsRead more
BMO100% Stocks: ZEQT
80% Stocks: ZGRO
60% Stocks: ZBAL
40% Stocks: ZCON		https://bmogam.com/ca-en/products/exchange-traded-funds/asset-allocation-etfs/
iShares100 % Stocks: XEQT
80% Stocks: XGRO
60% Stocks: XBAL
40% Stocks: XCNS
20% Stocks: XIC		https://www.blackrock.com/ca/investors/en/learning-centre/etf-education/asset-allocation-etfs
Global X3100% Stocks: HEQT
80% Stocks: HGRW
60% Stocks: HBAL
40% Stocks: HCON		https://www.globalx.ca/asset-allocation-etfs
TD90% Stocks: TGRO
60% Stocks: TBAL
30% Stocks: TCON		https://www.td.com/ca/en/asset-management/insights/summary/all-in-one-td-etf-portfolio-solutions
Vanguard100% Stocks: VEQT
80% Stocks: VGRO
60% Stocks: VBAL
40% Stocks: VCNS
20% Stocks: VCIP		https://www.vanguard.ca/en/product/investment-capabilities/asset-allocation-etfs

The magic? Reallocation.

The real magic of asset allocation ETFs is that they do the work of reallocation for you. This is subtle, but crucial. Automatic reallocation takes the emotion out of investing, and means you’re buying low/selling high, every quarter. What?

Take for example XGRO. Per the product brief you can see that its target composition is

  • 20% XIC (the TSX 60)
  • 36% ITOT (the S&P total US stock market, about 2000 companies)
  • 20% XEF (international developed stock market)
  • 4% XEC (international emerging stock market)
  • 16% Canadian bonds (XBB and XSH)
  • 4% Non-Canadian bonds (GOVT and USIG)

The observant reader will note that 80% of this list is made of stocks, divided up over multiple geographies. Anyway, the “target composition” is key here. What this means is that every quarter stocks get bought and sold to re-establish the targets. If the US stock market goes on a tear while the Canadian stock market is tanking, the US gains will be locked in and the Canadian market will get picked up at a discount. It’s a perfect system. No emotion. Just ratios. No work on your part.

What’s the catch?

There is a small cost associated with owning an asset-allocation ETF. Most charge you about 0.20% every year. If you instead decided to own the underlying assets you could probably save on the order of 0.10%. (This is, more or less, what I had in place before I started simplifying my portfolio). But that assumes that you do the rebalancing yourself in a timely way, and the trading fees are negligible.

Wrap up

Asset Allocation ETFs are a great way to get a diversified, risk-appropriate, emotion-free, inexpensive investment portfolio. They are the ultimate tool in the DIY investor’s toolkit.

  1. Also known as “all in one” ETFs. Also known as “funds of funds”. They all mean the same thing. ↩︎
  2. Geez, no points for originality on the ETF names… ↩︎
  3. Global X has additional ETFs on the same page that add leverage to amplify returns. I don’t use them, since the amplification works both ways — in good AND bad markets. ↩︎